immunofluorescence application solutions kit  (Cell Signaling Technology Inc)

Journal: Toxics

Article Title: Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, DNA Repair Inhibition, and Apoptosis Induced by Lead and Cadmium Combined Exposure in TK6 Cells

doi: 10.3390/toxics14040341

Figure Lengend Snippet: DNA damage markers induced by Pb and/or Cd in TK6 cells. ( A , C ) representative immunofluorescence staining images and quantification of γ-H2AX fluorescence intensity in TK6 cells. ( B , D , E ) representative the Comet assay images and quantitative analyses of Tail Length and Tail DNA%. Note: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 for Pb and/or Cd group vs. the control group; while ## p < 0.01 for the single exposure groups vs. the mixed group; § p < 0.05, §§ p < 0.01 for the resveratrol group vs. the mixed group.

Article Snippet: DNA damage was further assessed using a γ-H2AX detection kit (Beyotime, Shanghai, China; C2035S), which quantifies γ-H2AX levels, a well-established biomarker for DNA double-strand breaks.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Fluorescence, Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis, Control

Journal: Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis

Article Title: Novel bioactive peptides targeting Keap1-Nrf2 interaction for combating UVA-induced skin aging: Computational discovery and experimental validation

doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2025.101446

Figure Lengend Snippet: Seq1 and Seq3 prevent senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which are nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent. (A) Representative immunofluorescence (IF) staining images of positive cells of γ-H2AX (green) and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) in DNA damage assay following knockdown of Nrf2 or knockdown of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). NC: negative control. (B) Quantitation of the mean number of γ-H2AX foci/cell upon Nrf2 knockdown. (C) Quantitation of the mean number of γ-H2AX foci/cell upon Keap1 knockdown. (D) Representative IF staining images of positive cells of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (green) and DAPI in determination of ROS following knockdown of Nrf2 and knockdown of Keap1. (E) Fluorescence intensity of ROS upon Nrf2 knockdown. (F) Fluorescence intensity of ROS upon Keap1 knockdown. (G) Quantification of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression for senescence secretory phenotype in human keratinocytes (HaCat) following knockdown of Nrf2 24 h after radiation. (H) Quantification of mRNA expression for senescence secretory phenotype in HaCat following knockdown of Keap1 24 h after radiation. All data are presented as means ± standard deviation (SD) ( n = 3). Statistical significance is denoted by ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 and ∗∗∗∗ P < 0.0001 vs. ultraviolet A (UVA)-irradiated group.

Article Snippet: IF detection of γ-H2AX was performed using the DNA Damage Assay Kit (C2035S, Beyotime, Shanghai, China), which is specific for γ-H2AX, following the manufacturer’s protocol.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Knockdown, Negative Control, Quantitation Assay, Fluorescence, Expressing, Standard Deviation, Irradiation